ARTICLES

03-07

The Language of Numbers

Linda Gravett, Ph.D., SPHR, July 1, 2003


 


The good news is that CEO’s are inviting Human Resource professionals to be involved with strategic planning and the “business of the business.”  The bad news is that whether we like it or not, we must become bilingual and add the language of numbers to our knowledge base.

We can increase our credibility as HR professionals if we understand what’s important to Line Managers, the CFO and the company’s Board of Directors.  We can increase our credibility even more if we can clearly articulate how HR activities and interventions affect what’s important: company profitability and customer service.

We can begin shifting how we’re perceived within the organization by learning to ask measurement oriented questions before developing HR initiatives.  Important questions are:
  • Who are the department’s customers?
  • What are the benefits of our services to our customers?
  • What are the consequences of not providing these services?

Some of you may be thinking, “Oh no, she’s going to start talking about doing things like cost-benefit analyses!” You’re right; I am.  Over the years, I’ve found that HR professionals shy away from conducting cost-benefit analyses on projects for several reasons:

  • They don’t know how
  • Results may show their programs don’t work
  • It’s too time consuming
  • They believe it’s a “smoke and mirrors” process
  • There’s no perceived incentive

If you don’t know how to go about doing a return on investment assessment, don’t worry.  A worksheet and example is included with this article.  The approach is straightforward and easy to understand and explain to your staff and your department’s customers.

It’s true that conducting an R.O.I. analysis may reveal that a project or initiative that you or your team have started is not working or isn’t saving the organization money.  Don’t you want to know this first so you can redirect your efforts?

Up-front analysis of projects and interventions certainly does take some time (less time as you become skilled at the process).  I firmly believe that you have to go slow to go fast.  By that I mean that careful attention to objectives and costs at the beginning of projects results in the ability to implement the work faster once you have a solid plan. Taking the time in the beginning can save you hours of frustration and wasted efforts later.

It’s true that numbers can be manipulated.  We read statistical analyses by researchers regularly that are slanted to support whatever the researcher is trying to prove.  The R.O.I. approach that I’m advocating is vulnerable to numbers manipulation as well.  How you explain the approach and your recommendations for action based on return on investment analysis is up to you and your conscious.

The incentive for understanding the needs of internal customers and learning how to talk their language is increased credibility within your organization.  Increased credibility results in approval for projects, staff, and other resources. That’s ample incentive for most of me!

Over the past two years, I’ve interviewed line managers in organizations around the U.S. and asked them their perceptions of the Human Resources function.  From these interviews, it’s clear to me that HR must work diligently to dispel some pretty negative perceptions.  Here’s what these line managers said about the HR function:

  • HR just costs money
  • HR doesn’t add value
  • We can hire or fire people ourselves
  • HR wastes my time and my staff’s time
  • HR interferes with operations
  • HR doesn’t know the business

To dispel these perceptions, we need to connect our activities and interventions directly to the organization’s Mission, Vision, and strategic objectives.  We must take on the role of an internal consultant when line managers bring issues to our attention and help them understand the true problem, the cost of that problem, potential interventions, the cost of the interventions, and the difference between the intervention cost and the cost of the problem.  This is a return on investment (R.O.I.) approach to our work, as shown in the following example.

Step 1. Clearly state the business problem.  For example, our organization has
a turnover rate of 32% for computer programmers.

Step 2. Calculate the cost of the business problem.  For example, calculate the turnover costs for separation, replacement, and training for each computer programmer that left the organization last year.*

Step 3. Identify a potential solution to the business problem based on historical data or benchmarking.  For example, a study of exit interviews may reveal that key first-line supervisors aren’t effective managers.   A combination of training and one-on-one coaching may be a viable solution.
Step 4. Calculate the cost of the solution.  For example, you could price having a consultant conduct a series of supervisory training workshops and the time for an HR staff person to develop and conduct a series of coaching sessions with individual supervisors.

Step 5. Implement the solution and monitor results.  The planned for result, of course, would be lower turnover of computer programmers after three months, six months, and a year as a result of more effective supervision.

Step 6. Calculate the improvement benefit with this formula:

Cost of business problem before implementing solution (Step 2)
Minus Cost of business problem after implementing solution, less cost of solution

Ex. $585,000 Annual t/o cost in 2000 for programmers
300,000 – 50,000 Annual t/o cost in 2001, less solution cost

$235,000 Net Improvement Benefit

Step 7. Calculate the cost-benefit ratio as follows:

Net Improvement Benefit (Step 6) ¸Cost of the Solution (Step 4)

$235,000/$50,000 = 4.7 to 1

For every $1 spent for a solution, $4.70 was saved!

If $50,000 sounds like a lot of money for an intervention, you can point out that for each dollar spent $4.70 in expenses was saved over the prior year. In other words, you’re getting a return on your investment.

This approach can be used for any HR activity, as long as you’ve documented (or can benchmark) the cost of a business problem.

*If you’d like a worksheet on calculating the cost of turnover, please e-mail me at linda@gravett.com and I’ll send one to you.


In summary, to increase your credibility as an HR professional it’s necessary to talk the same language as your internal customers – the language of numbers. When I’m approached with an issue or concern, this is the process I use:

  • Analyze what’s happening now: what’s the true problem?
  • Envision the ideal: what are the objectives?
  • Clarify performance and systemic gaps.
  • Determine the cost of the gaps: the cost of the problem.
  • Use your experience and expertise to initiate necessary interventions.
  • Evaluate the difference between the cost of the problem and the cost of the intervention.  Make a conscious choice to employ the intervention even if the steps you need to take cost more than the cost of the problem.

Feel free to contact me if you have any questions or comments about this article.  Click here for contact form.
 

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